Thursday, March 3, 2011

Soil and Hydrology

Pandora has beautiful scenery that shows both hydrological terms and different aspects of soil.  Searching for photos to explain these terms more in depth was harder than what it appeared.

A scene from Pandora from the movie Avatar.  In this photo I will explain how the ending of the drainage order is shown (Steps 1 and 2 cannot be shown, but steps 3 and 4 are shown), what exactly stream flow is, and how this photo represents the Effluent Stream. 
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://im-li.com/school/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/avatar_10.jpg&imgrefurl=http://im-li.com/school/category/thesis/&usg=__DhMF9baPJW78a9j5O2HrVsIfVyo=&h=354&w=630&sz=296&hl=en&start=54&zoom=1&tbnid=sVKeGtstZGORBM:&tbnh=114&tbnw=203&ei=rNZvTebBFIrEsAOPzYW3Cw&prev=/images%3Fq%3Davatar-pandora%2Bplants%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26biw%3D1280%26bih%3D680%26tbs%3Disch:10%2C1562&um=1&itbs=1&iact=rc&dur=281&oei=eNZvTf7FApD2swOz79zQCw&page=4&ndsp=15&ved=1t:429,r:7,s:54&tx=142&ty=69&biw=1280&bih=680

In the photo above the normal eye will see waterfalls with a small lake and trees growing out of the water.  The waterfalls in this photo represent streamflow because the water falls off the mountains and flows into lakes or ponds.  Also because of the waterfalls, they show Effluent Stream, where the water feeds into a baseflow. This photo also represents steps 3 and 4 of the drainage order.  Step 3 representing the waterfalls, which end up flowing into step 4, which represents the small lake.  To get a better understanding, look at the photo below.

This photo represents what a drainage order is.  Starting at number 1 and working all the way to number 4.  
http://fast.ucdenver.edu/case/1202/Battle/Destroy/Hydrology/DraingOrderDiag.jpg


In this photo we will examine the soil (as shown, its a zone of interaction between underlying rock and overlying atmosphere), how there are 4 components of soil (air, minerals, organic matter, and water), the soil properties, and what laterization is and how it is shown. 
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.incgamers.com/images/screenshots/9955orig.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.incgamers.com/News/18166/avatar-trailer&usg=__T64uqCVKF-9MuNu53jBHpsHpPvQ=&h=3150&w=5040&sz=1323&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=uYoAkU37v_RKFM:&tbnh=116&tbnw=185&ei=Q99vTam6PIq8sAPksPzRCw&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPandora%2Bscenery%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26biw%3D968%26bih%3D680%26tbs%3Disch:1&um=1&itbs=1&iact=rc&dur=304&oei=Q99vTam6PIq8sAPksPzRCw&page=1&ndsp=11&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0&tx=90&ty=90

Soil helps plants grow and in the photo above you can see plant life and soil along a stream.   This is because the CEC (cation-exchange capacity) and soil colloids are present.  These terms are the basic understanding of why plants grow due to soil.  Soil color also plays an effect as shown in the picture below.  

Thanks to Albert H. Munsell we have a classification of soil colors.  Each color represents a different form of rock.  From those forms, we can get the understanding of how the soil will affect plant life and if each soil particle is getting enough water and nutrients it needs. 
http://fast.ucdenver.edu/case/1202/Soils/munsellbook.jpg

Lastely in picture 3, Laterization is present because of the tropical regions that Pandora is in.
This photo explains more of what Laterization is, and how in photo 3, you can see this.  
 http://fast.ucdenver.edu/case/1202/Soils/Laterization.gif